ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ/22
ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⵢⵏⵛⵟⴰⵢⵏ (ⵙ ⵜⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ: Albert Einstein) (14 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1879 – 18 ⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1955) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ, (ⵉⴼⵍ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵍⵏⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ), ⴷ ⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ. ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ" ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⵙⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵥⵕⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1921 ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ, ⵖⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵓⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ (ⵜⵎⴽⵜⵉⵜ) ⵖⴼ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ "ⵜⵉⵥⴰⵕⵓⵎⴰⴼⴰⵡⵉⵏ (Photoelectric)", ⴳⵔ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴳⴷⴰⵣⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⵜ (E=mc²), ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴽⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⵍⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⴼⵔⵓⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵓⴼ ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⴷⵜ/ⵜⵙⵙⵍⴽⵏ.
ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ "ⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉⵜ", ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵏⵢⵓⵟⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ (ⴰⵏⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ), ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴼⵙⵙⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵢⵢⵓⵖⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⴰⵕⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵟⵉⵚⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ (ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ) ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ (1902 - 1909) ⴳ ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ. ⵉⵎⴰ "ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ", ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1915, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⴳⴷⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ. ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⵙⵖⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⴹⵓⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴷⴰⵢ (ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ) ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵏⵢⵓⵟⵏ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⴽⵓⴷ.