ⴰⴳⵯⵎⵎⴰⵢ

ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ

ⴰⴳⵯⵎⵎⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⴰⵏ, ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉ, ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵓⵏⵉⵎⵏⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ.

ⵜⴰⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⴷⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⴰⵢ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵡⵏⵖⵓ "ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ". ⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔ, ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵏⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ.


ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴽⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⵕ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ

➡️ ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴼⴰⴱⵉⵜ:

ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴳⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵉⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵓⵒⵒⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵎⵎⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵖⵓⵍⵉ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⵖ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ, ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⴰⵍⴼⴰⴱⵉⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵣ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼⴰⵔⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵉ ⴽⵓⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⵖ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⴳ ⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ

➡️ ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⴰⴱⵊⴰⴷ:

ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⵜⵏ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵙⵓⵔⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵄⵉⴱⵔⵉⵜ , ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ , ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵉⵜⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴽⴽⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵉⵜⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵥⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵍⵎⵎⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ

➡️ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⴼⵉⵔⴰⵢ (syllabic):

ⵖ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵔⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⴼⵉⴼⵏ ⵉⴽⵏⵉ, ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵔⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ (ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ (C+V). ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ "ⵀⵉⵔⴰⴳⴰⵏⴰ" ⴷ "ⴽⴰⵜⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰ" ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵀⵏⵜ ⴽⴰ (カ) ⴽⵓ (こ) ⴽⵉ (き) ⵥⵕ ⴽⵓⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵔⵛⵛⵎ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵥⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵜⵙⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵙⵍⵉⵜ

➡️ ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵓⴼⵉⵔⴰⵢ (Logosyllabic):

ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵉⵏⵡⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵔⵓⴳⵍⵉⴼⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴱⴰⵀⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵖ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⵖⵉⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴼ "ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ" ⴰⵎ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵍⴼⴰⴱⵉⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵖⴰⵔ ⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵎⵙⵉⵙⵍ , ⵖ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵍⴰ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴼ "ⴰⵔⵛⵛⵓⵎ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ (unit) ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ , ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴼ ⵓⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵡⵓⵍ. ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵜⵛⵉⵏⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔⵉⵜ 小 ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵜ “xiǎo” ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ (ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢ / ⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵏ)

➡️ ⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴱⵓⴳⵉⴷⴰ:

ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏ (characteristics) ⴷⴰ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵥⵍⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵓⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴽⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵔⵜ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ (consonant) ⴷ ⵓⵖⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⴽ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖ ⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵖ ⴰⵍⴼⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵉⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉ. ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⴽ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵖ ⴱⵀⴰⵔⴰⵜ (ⵍⵀⵏⴷ) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵓ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ "ⴷⵉⵠⴰⵏⴰⴳⴰⵔⵉ" (devanagari), ⵜⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴳⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉⵜ, ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⴷⴰⵔⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ "ⴳⵉⵉⵣ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵀⴰⵔⵉⵜ ⵖ ⵉⵜⵢⵓⴱⵢⴰ


ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵉⴳⵎⵎⴰⵢⵏ[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]