ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ

ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ
ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
ⵓⴹⴼⵉⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ	150.1952092
ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ	Sigmund, Schlomo
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ	Příbor
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ	6 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1856
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	ⵍⵓⵏⴷⵓⵏ
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	23 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1939
ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	laryngeal cancer
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ	Golders Green Crematorium
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ	Austrian Empire, Cisleithania, ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵛ, Nazi Germany
ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉ	Austrian Empire, Cisleithania, ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵛ, Nazi Germany
ⵜⴰⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ	ⴼⵢⵉⵏⵏⴰ, ⵍⵓⵏⴷⵓⵏ, Birth house of Sigmund Freud
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ	ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜ	ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ
ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ	psychoanalysis, neurology
ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ	psychoanalyst, neurologist, essayist, ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ, psychologist, psychiatrist
ⴰⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏ ⴳ	Universität Wien
ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ	The Interpretation of Dreams, Civilization and Its Discontents, Totem und Tabu, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, The Ego and the Id, id, ego and super-ego
ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ
ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ/ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ	Martha Bernays
ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ	Jacob Freud
ⵉⵎⵎⵉⵙ	Amalia Freud
ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ	Anna Freud, Ernst L. Freud, Martin Freud, Oliver Freud, Sophie Freud, Mathilde Freud
ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ	Jacob Freud, Amalia Freud
ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⴳⵏ	Edward Bernays, Lucian Freud
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ	Universität Wien
ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ	Universität Wien
ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏ	Doctor of Sciences
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜⵢ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ	ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ	ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ
ⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ
ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ	professor
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ	Goethe Prize, Foreign Member of the Royal Society
ⴰⵙⴳⵎⴹ
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ( 1856 - 1939 ) (ⴰⵙⵓⵙⵔⵓ ⴰⵡⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ: [ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt] ; ⴰⵙⵓⵙⵔⵓ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ [fʁøːd] ⵏⵖ [fʁœjd]), ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵣⵍⵓⵎ (neurologue) ⴰⵡⵜⵔⵉⵛ, ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵎⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ. ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵥⵉⵕⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ "ⴰⵔⴼⵔⴰⴽ ", ⴷ ⵜⴱⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵢ. ⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵕⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵓⴱⴱⵉⵔⵏⵉⴽ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵏⴰ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ.

ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵉⵍⵓⴼ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ.

ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⵛⵍⵓⵎⵓ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴳ 6 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1856 ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵉⴱⵉⵔⴳ (ⵓⵙⵜⵔⵉⵅ), ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴹⵓⵟⵟ ⴽⴽⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵛⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⵍ, ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ 07 ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵃⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⴼⵏ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵜⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴰ ⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ , ⵎⴰ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵓⵔⴷⴰ , ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵃⵕⵛⵏ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵖ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ 17 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ 08 ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵕⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰⵏ 05 ⴰⵔ 06 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ , ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ , ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⴳⴳⴹ ⴳ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏ.

ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ 26 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵜⴹⵕ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴱⴰⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵎⴰⵕⵜⴰ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵏⵣ ,ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵖⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵀⵍⵏ, ⴷ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵓⴹ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ , ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵣ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯⵎ ⵢⵉⵡⵍ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴷ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵏⵣ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1886 ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⵛⴰⵔⵔⴰⵏ .

ⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⵙⴰⵡⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴹⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵣⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵅⴼ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼⵜ.

ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵏⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙ ⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴽⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⵜⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵏⴼ ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ , ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏ.

ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵣⵔⵉⵏ 70 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵚⵍⴰⴹ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵔⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴱⵃⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉⴱⵉⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵏⴰ . ⵜⴰⵔⵏⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ ⴰⵏⵏ .

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⵓⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴽⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ .

ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ.

ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵊⵉⵊⵊⵉ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ ,ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴽⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼⵏ ⵍⵎⴷⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵕⵥⵎⵏ ⴰⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰ ⵖⴼ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵔⵎⵙ ⴰⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ .

ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵣⵣⵔⵉ 47 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵢⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1938 ⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ 82 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵉⵣⵓⴳ ⵙ ⴱⵕⵉⵟⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵊⴷⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵣⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⵔⵏⴱⵓⵔⴳ .

ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰ ⵖⴼ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴽⵎⵎⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵎⵙⴷⵓⵀⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴽⵓⴽⴰⵢⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ,ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵢ ⵏ 20 ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⵖⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵉⵣⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵏⵓⴽⵎⵓ ⵓⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵅⵏⵣⵉⵔ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵖⴰ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵖⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵉⴽⵎⵎⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⵖⴰ .ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵅⵏⵣⵉⵔ ⴽⴽⵙⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴰⴳⵊⴰ ⴳⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵎⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴱⴱⵉ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵖⴰ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ « ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴱⴱⵉⵖ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵢ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⵉ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵉⵖⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵖⴰ » ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 23 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1939 ⴳ ⵍⵓⵏⴹⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ 83 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ. ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵉⵥⵉⵕⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵕⵉⵟⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴷ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵢⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ "ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ" ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ.

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

• ⴳⴰⵙⵜⵓⵏ ⴱⴰⵛⵍⴰⵕ
• ⴱⵉⵔⵜⵔⴰⵏⴷ ⵔⵓⵙⵍ
• ⵉⵔⵉⴽ ⵉⵔⵉⴽⵙⵓⵏ
• ⵜⴰⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ