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ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵕ ⵇⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉ

ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
(ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵔ ⵇⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉ)
ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵔ ⵇⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉ

ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ 21 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1923
ⴷⵉⵎⴰⵛⵇ
ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ 30 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1998
ⵍⵓⵏⴷⵓⵏ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵓⵔⵢⴰ
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏⵜ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ
ⵉⵙⵉⵜⵏ

ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵕ ⵇⵇⴱⴰⵏⵉ, ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴰⵙⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷⵉ ⴷⵉⵎⴰⵙⴽ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1923, ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴷⵉ ⵍⵓⵏⴹⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1998. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵇⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵕⵉⴹⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⴰⵎⵏⵜⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵖⴰⵏ.

ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴳⵍ ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴷⵎⵙⵇⵙ, ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵢⵉⵏ. ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.

ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵏⵉⵥⴰⵕ ⵇⴱⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⴰⵃⵏⵓⵛ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⵔⴰⴷⵜ  ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵙⴽⵔ. ⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⴱⴹⵓ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ.

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ:

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

1. ⴰⴷⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵣⴰⵕ ⴽⴱⴰⵏⵉ: ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴷⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵣⴰⵕ ⴽⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵣⴳⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ.

2. " ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ ": ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴽⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ.

ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ:
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

1. "ⴰⵎⵎ": ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ. 2. "ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢ-ⵏⵏⵉ": ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ.

2." "ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵃⵙⵏⴰ"

ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

1. "ⴷⵢⴰⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵏⵉⵜⵉⵛⵙ": ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴽⵓⴱⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴽⵓⵏⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.

2. "ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵥⵉⴹⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴼⵙⵉ: ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴽⴰⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵍ.

3. "ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ": ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵇⵇⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ.

ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵏⵜ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵣⴰⵣⴰⵔ ⴽⴰⴱⴰⵏⵉ, ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⴽⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⵙⵏ.

ⴰⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵙ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵔⵥⵎ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵣⴰⵕ ⵇⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵎⴰⵏⵙⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱ. ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⴹ ⵖⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱ. ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵇⴱⴱⵍⵜ-ⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ.

ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵏⵣⴰⵕ ⵇⵓⴱⴰⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵡⵉⵄⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ. ⵙ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵖⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⴽⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵔⵏ, ⵉⵣⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵊⵊ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⵓ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ.