ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ/ⴰⵡⵔⵉⴽ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ

ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴱⵓ ⵢⴰⵄⵇⵓⴱ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⵓ ⵜⴰⵛⴼⵉⵏ ⵏⴰⵚⵕ ⴷⴷⵉⵏ ⵓ ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵓ ⵜⴰⵔⵇⵓⵜ (ⵜⴰⵔⵊⵓⵜ) ⴰⵍⵎⵜⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⴱⴷⴷ-ⵙⵜ ⵟⵟⴰⵍⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⴽⵉ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵓ ⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴳⵓⵣⵓⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵓⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵏⴰⴳⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ. ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⵜⵓⵏⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵜ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏⵉⴳⴰⵍ.

ⵉⵙⴱⴷⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⵓ ⵜⴰⵛⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵖⴰⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵡⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵊⵎ ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵕⵥⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴹⵥⵓⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵜⵡⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⵍⴰⴳⵜ|ⵓⵎⵜⵡⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⵍⴰⴳⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵔⵓⵔ-ⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴱⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ (1090) ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴼⵉⵢⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵍⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎ (1106-1006) ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵕⴰⴱⴹⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⴱⵓ ⴱⴰⴽⵔ ⵓ ⵄⵓⵎⴰⵕ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ "ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵎⵏ".

ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵢⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵔⵔⴳⵯⵣⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ "ⴷⴷⵀⴱⵉ" ⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵖⵓⵔⵏ": ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓ ⵜⴰⵛⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⵢⴰⵥ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴷⵉⴷ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵛⵃⴰ, ⴰⴳⵕⴹ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉⴳ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵉⴱⵍⵓⵎⴰⵙⵉ.

ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵎⵍ ⵜ "ⴱⴰⴷⵔ ⵛⵛⵉⵅ" ⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ": ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵢ ⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵓⵙⴳⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵄⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵍⵉⴷ ⵢ ⵉⵙⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵎⵜⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ.