ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ
ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ, essential medicine, lithophile
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ	diatomic nonmetal, halogens
ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵙⴳ	period 3, halogens
ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ	green
Associated hazard	chlorine exposure
(ⵜ)ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵜⵜ	Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Time of discovery or invention	1774
Element symbol	Cl
Electron configuration	[Ne] 3s² 3p⁵, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰ ⵙ	gaseous state of matter
ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⵎⵢⴰⵏ	氯
	ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Chlorine) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ Cl ⴱⵓ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ 17. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ 17 (ⵉⵀⴰⵍⵓⵊⵉⵏⵏ) ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵜ. ⴳ ⵜⴼⴰⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⴷ ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ-ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ, ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵣⵡⵓ. ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵖⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵊⴰⴼⵉⵍ. ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴽⵙⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴷⴰⵙ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵟⵕⵓⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ.^[1]

ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ

ⴰⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵏⵉⵏⵏⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ 500 ⵎⵍ. ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⵜⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⵛⴰⴷ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵙ ⵉⵎⴽⴰ.

ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎⵜ (Cl₂). ⴰⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ-ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⵍⵖⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵓⴱⵍⵓⵍⵓ ⴳ -34.4 °C (238.8 K) ⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵡⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ ⴳ -101.5 °C (171.6 K). ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵉ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ "ⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⵓⵔⴽⵉⵙ ⵏ HCl ⴷ HClO. ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵕⵥⴳⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⴷⴷⴻⴷ ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⴼⵙ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ.^[2]

ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⵎⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴽ "ⵉⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⴷⵏ". ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵡⴰⵕⵥⴰⵏⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ (NaCl). ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴽ ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ (HCl). ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴷⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵟⵕⵓⵏⵉ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⵙ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵟⵕⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵀⵍⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.^[3]

ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵎⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ ⴰⵙⵡⵉⴷⵉ ⴽⴰⵔⵍ ⵡⵉⵍⵀⵉⵍⵎ ⵛⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1774. ⵉⵖⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1810, ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ ⵀⴰⵎⴼⵔⵉ ⴷⵉⴼⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉⴳⵏ, ⵉⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⴰⵙ "ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ" ⵙⴳ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵉⴽⵉⵜ χλωρός (ⴽⵍⵓⵔⵓⵙ), ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ", ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ.^[4]

ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵙⵏ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵜ. ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ:

ⴰⵙⵉⵣⴷⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ: ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵖ ⵉⴱⴰⴽⵜⵉⵔⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵙⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⵛⵛⴼⵏ.
ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⵍ ⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⴷ (PVC): ⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵏ ⴱⵉ.ⴼⵉ.ⵙⵉ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵍⴰⵙⵜⵉⴽ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵀⵉⵔⴰ.
ⴰⵙⵉⵎⵍⵓⵍ: ⵉⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⴷⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵀⵉⴱⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ ⵏⵖ ⵊⴰⴼⵉⵍ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵎⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴽⵓⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵜⵜⵓⵥⴹⴰⵜⵏ.
ⵉⵎⵙⴼⵙⴰⵢⵏ: ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵎⵙⴼⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔⵓⴼⵓⵔⵎ ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵜⵔⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔⵉⴷ, ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ.

ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉⵜⵏ

ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ. ⴰⵙⵓⵏⴼⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⵓⵎⵎⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⴼⵙ. ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⵔⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ. ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴹⴰⴼ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏ.

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 789. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. p. 409. ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9.
^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 796. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ Van der Krogt, Peter. "Chlorine". Elementymology & Elements Multidict. Archived from the original on 23 January 2010.

**ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ**
→↓	1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1	1 H																		2 He
2	3 Li	4 Be												5 B	6 C	7 N	8 O	9 F	10 Ne
3	11 Na	12 Mg												13 Al	14 Si	15 P	16 S	17 Cl	18 Ar
4	19 K	20 Ca		21 Sc	22 Ti	23 V	24 Cr	25 Mn	26 Fe	27 Co	28 Ni	29 Cu	30 Zn	31 Ga	32 Ge	33 As	34 Se	35 Br	36 Kr
5	37 Rb	38 Sr		39 Y	40 Zr	41 Nb	42 Mo	43 Tc	44 Ru	45 Rh	46 Pd	47 Ag	48 Cd	49 In	50 Sn	51 Sb	52 Te	53 I	54 Xe
6	55 Cs	56 Ba	*	71 Lu	72 Hf	73 Ta	74 W	75 Re	76 Os	77 Ir	78 Pt	79 Au	80 Hg	81 Tl	82 Pb	83 Bi	84 Po	85 At	86 Rn
7	87 Fr	88 Ra	* *	103 Lr	104 Rf	105 Db	106 Sg	107 Bh	110 Ds	111 Rg	112 Cn	113 Nh	114 Fl	115 Mc	116 Lv	117 Ts	118 Og
			↓
Lanthanides			*	57 La	58 Ce	59 Pr	60 Nd	61 Pm	62 Sm	63 Eu	64 Gd	65 Tb	66 Dy	67 Ho	68 Er	69 Tm	70 Yb
Actinides			* *	89 Ac	90 Th	91 Pa	92 U	93 Np	94 Pu	95 Am	96 Cm	97 Bk	98 Cf	99 Es	100 Fm	101 Md	102 No

[1] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 789. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[2] Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. p. 409. ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9.

[3] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 796. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[4] Van der Krogt, Peter. "Chlorine". Elementymology & Elements Multidict. Archived from the original on 23 January 2010.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ (ⵜⵉⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵏ)
ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ	ⵜⴰⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ (GND) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⴰⴳⵜⵓⴷⵎ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ (FAST)
ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ	ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ (LCNAF) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ (BnF) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ (BnF) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ (NDL) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵛⵉⴽⵉⵢⵏ (NLCR AUT) ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ (BNE) Israel
ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ	Yale LUX