ⵉⵚⵉⴹ (ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ)

ⴰⵢⵢⴷⵉ ⵉⴽⵓⵛⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ

ⵉⵚⵉⴹ (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ: La rage) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵖⴼ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵎⵉ ⵔⵖⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵎⵎⵏ, ⴰⵏⵊⵔⵜⴼ-ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵏⵇⵇⴰ ⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵀⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵉⵜⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵏⴰⵔⵓⵣ ⵖ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴰⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵍⴷⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵉⵚⵉⴹ, ⵉⵖ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴱⴱⵉ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ.[1] ⴰⵔ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴼⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ.

ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ

ⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔ

• 2300 ⴱⵛ: ⵖ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⵍ, ⵖ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵔⵉⵙⴰⴼⴼⵏ (ⵍⵄⵉⵔⴰⵇ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ) ⴱⴷⵔⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵢⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⴰ.

• 63 ⴱⵛ: ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴹⴱⵉⴱ ⴰⵕⵎⵎⵓⵢ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ "ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⴼⵓⴱⵉⵜ" (ⵀⵢⴷⵔoⴱⵀoⴱⵉⴰ)

• ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 16: ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴳⵍⴰⵎ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⴹⴹⵓⵕ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ.

• ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 18: ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵏⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵍⴷⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⵔ ⴰⵎⵉⵚⵉⴹ.

ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔ

ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ ⵍⵡⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔ

ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵚⵉⴹ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴼ ⵓⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵉ ⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵛⵜⵓⵢ ⵉⴽⵔⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 26 ⴽⵜⵓⴱⵔ 1885.

ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔ

ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵉⴳⵉⵣ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵙⴰⵙⴼⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ.

ⴰⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ

ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙⵜ

ⴰⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵚⵉⴹ (ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵔⵏ) ⵉⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⵖ ⵓⴳⵏⵓⵙ ⵏ "ⵍⵢⵙⵙⴰⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ" ⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵙⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵉⴽⵉⵜ ⵍⵓⵙⵙⴰ = ⴰⵅⵍⵓ / ⴰⵏⵓⴼⵍ. ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵔⵀⴰⴱⴷoⴼⵉⵔⵉⴷⴰⴻ. ⵉⴳ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵍⵡⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵔⵔⴰⵢ. ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ, ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⴰⴱⵍⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵀⴰⵜⵉ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ (ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵏⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ), ⴰⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵍⵜ.

ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵔⵀⴰⴱⴷoⴼⵉⵔⵉⴷⴰⴻ (ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵉ) ⵖ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵉⴽⵓⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵛⴱⴱⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ-ⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵉⴽⵓⴱⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ.

ⴰⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ-ⴰⴷ ⵉⵃⵎⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵜⵜⵓ ⵙ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵖⴼ.

ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴰⵔⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⴳ

ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⴳⵓⵜ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵙⵙⴰ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵎⵎⵓⵥⵥⴰⵍ:[3]

1) ⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴰⴽⴰ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴱⴰⵍⵉⵏ.

2) ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵜ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵜ.

3) ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ.

4) ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙⵏ.

5) ⴰⵙⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵜ, ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.

ⵜⵉⵅⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵢⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙ ⵉⵍⴷⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, 99% ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵖ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴱⴱⵉ, ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵅ ⵜ ⴽⴰ ⵉⵅⵎⵛ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵍⵃⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ.