ⵜⴰⵥⵕⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ
| ⵜⴰⵥⵕⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ | |
|---|---|
| philosophical movement | |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ | Classical Athens  |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 4. century BCE |
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  | |
ⵜⴰⵥⵕⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Cynicism); ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ/ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵓⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵙⵜⵉⵏⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴰⵡⴳⵔⵉⴽ ⵙⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟ. ⵉⵎⵥⵕⴰⵢⵣⵏ (Pessimists) ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵕⵉⵢⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⴰⵡⵎⴰⴷⴰⵏ(ⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏ). ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⵔ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⴰⵢⵣⵜ (Pessimism) ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵛⵓⴱⵏⵀⴰⵡⵕ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴷⵢⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⴹⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵙⵜⵉⵏⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⵚⵚⴰⴱⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵥⵕⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵟⵟⵓⵕⴼⴰ. ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵅⵛⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵓⵎ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵕⴹⵏ.
