ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ
| ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ | |
|---|---|
 | |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵖⵉⵡⵜ | |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ | Berlin, Tbilisi, ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ, ⵕⵓⵎⴰ |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 1920 |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ | 1922 |
| Has cause | Armenian Genocide |
| Member category | Q10033663 |
| Perpetrator | Armenian Revolutionary Federation |
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  | |
ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ[1] (ⵙ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵜ: «Նեմեսիս» գործողություն) (ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ ⴳⵓⵔⵜⵙⵓⵖⵓⵜ'ⵉⵢⵓⵏ) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ (Armenian Revolutionary Federation). ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵙⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ (Armenian Genocide), ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵣⵔⴱⵉⵊⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ "ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ" ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1918 ⴳ ⴱⴰⴽⵓ. ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵏ: ⵛⴰⵀⴰⵏ ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ, ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵔⵓ, ⴷ ⴰⵔⵓⵏ ⵙⴰⵛⴰⴽⵍⵢⴰⵏ. ⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷ ⴼ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ "ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵛⴰⵏⵜ", ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ.
ⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1920 ⴷ 1922 ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⵎⵉⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴼⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ 7 ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵟⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵎⴰⵕⵙ 1921 ⵖ ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵀⵍⵉⵔⵢⴰⵏ
ⵜⴰⴷⴼⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵖⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]
ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ (ARF) ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ 1890, ⵉⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⵜⵏⵜ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴹ ⴰⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ
ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ (ARF) ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ 1890, ⵉⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴽⴰⵜⵜⵏⵜ ⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴹ ⴰⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ
ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵉⵔⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴼⵉⴷⴰⵢⵉ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⴼ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ
ⵖ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵖ ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ ⴷ ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⵏ 1914, ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉ, ⵎⵎⵜⵔⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵖ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⵏⵙⴽⴰⵡⴽⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵉⴽⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵙⵉⵜ, ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵜ: ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵖⵔⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍ ⴼ ⵓⴷⴼⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵔⵓⵙⵉ ⵉⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ, ⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⴷⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵃⵓⵎⴷⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵎⵏⵉⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷⵔⵓⵏ ⴰⵣⵔⵏ ⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏⵜ.
ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴷⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵡⵓⵜⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ 24 ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1915 ⵖ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵎⴱⵓⵍ. ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴽⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵥ ⵖ ⴰⵏⵇⴰⵔⴰ, ⴷ ⵖ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴳⵯⵏⵙⵜ ⵎⵉⵃⵎⵉⴷ ⵟⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵏⵖⴰ ⵏⵖⴷⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵡⵉⵟⵟⴰⵢ ⵙ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ.
ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1919 ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴷⵓⵔⵓⵙ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ, ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵓⵏⴽⴰⴹⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵖ ⵓⴼⵔⵔⵓ. ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵖ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵖ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵖ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴱⵏⵉⵇⵇⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵖⵉ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵣⵣⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴼⵔⵔⵓ ⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏ, ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵓⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵍⵟⴰ . ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵏⴷⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵍⵟⴰ ⴷⴰ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵇⵇⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴰⵎ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵙ "ⵉⵎⵏⴷⵓⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵟⴰ".
ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⴳⴳⵯⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵓⵔⴷ ⴽⵓⵔⵣⵓⵏ ⵖ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽ, ⵉⵎⵏⴷⵓⵖⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵟⴰ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴽⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⴽⵉⵣⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽ. ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵟⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ
ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵉⴼⴰⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]
ⴳ 28 ⵖ ⵎⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1918 ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵣⴰⵍⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵄ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢ, ⵢⵓⵍⵖⴰ ⴰⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ . ⵀⵓⴼⵀⴰⵏⵏⵉⵙ ⴽⴰⵜⵜⵛⴰⵣⵏⵓⵏⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⴽⵙⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔ ⵅⴰⵜⵉⵙⵢⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ, ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴹⵉⵏ ⴰⵍⵖⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⴳⵎⴹ ⵖ 30 ⵎⴰⵢ 1918, ⵜⴳ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵢⵉⵔⵉⴼⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ. ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵣⵖ 27 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵜⵓⴱⵔ 1919 ⴰⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ.
ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴷⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵉⵖⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ, ⵜⵜⵓⴱⴷⴰⵔ ⴳⵔ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴱⴷⴰⵔⵏ ⵖ ⵡⴰⵊⵉⵏⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⵣⵣⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⵉⵔ ⵜⵖⴷⵎⵜ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴷⵙⴰⵏⵜ. ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵡⵍⴰⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴼⵔⴰⵜⵙⵢⴰⵏ, ⵔⵓⴱⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵏⴰⵙⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵔⵓⴱⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵏⵉⵏⵢⴰⵏ, ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵣⵣⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵛⴰⵀⴰⵏ ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ. ⵎⴰⵛⵛⴰⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ 200 ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⴰⵙⴷⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵣⴳⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ
ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙⵏ, ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⵓ ⵔⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴷⵎⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵖ ⵡⴰⵏⵖⴰ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵡⵜ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵓ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⴰⵏⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ . ⵖ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵔⵔⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵖ ⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⵎⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ 1908 ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴰⵍⵉⴼ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵃⴰⵎⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ
ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ:
ⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⴼ ⵓⵙⵖⵍⴼ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵛⴰⵀⴰⵏ ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴳⵔⴰⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣⴷⵉ ⴷ ⴳⵔⵉⴳⵓⵔ ⵎⵉⵔⵊⴰⵏⵓⴼ. ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵟⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵟⵟⴼⵕⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ" , ⴰⵙⵖⵍⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵀⵍⵉⵔⵢⴰⵏ, ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⵏⴼⵍ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵉⴳ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⴰⵔⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴼ ⵜⴳⵙⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢ. ⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵏⴰⵜⴰⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ: "ⵙⴱⵉⵇⵇⵉ ⴰⴳⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵔⵡⵍⵜ. ⴱⴷⴷ ⴼ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴳⴳⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵇⵇⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵍⴱⵓⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵛⴽⵉⵏ, ⵜⴼⴽⵜ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⴽ"
ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴳⵔ ⵉⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ:
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ | ⵉⵏⵉⵖⵉ | ⴰⵎⵏⵖⵓ |
|---|---|---|
| 19 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 1920, ⵜⵉⴼⵍⵉⵙ ⵊⵓⵔⵊⵢⴰ
|
 |
. ⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⵢⵉⵔⴳⴰⵏⵢⴰⵏ
. ⵎⵉⵙⴰⴽ ⴽⵉⵔⴰⴽⵓⵙⵢⴰⵏ |
15 ⵎⴰⵕⵙ 1921, ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ  |
 ⵟⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴳⵏⵙⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵣⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ |
ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵀⵍⵉⵔⵢⴰⵏ |
18 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1921 , ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ, ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵓⴽⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ .svg){kind=small} |
 |
ⵎⵉⵙⴰⴽ ⵜⵓⵔⵍⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ |
5 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1921, ⵕⵓⵎⴰ ⵟⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏ _crowned.svg){kind=small} |
 |
ⴰⵔⵛⴰⴼⵉⵔ ⵛⵉⵔⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ |
| 17 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1922, ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ |
 |
ⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⵢⵉⵔⴳⴰⵏⵢⴰⵏ |
| 17 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1922, ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ |
 ⵊⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⵄⴰⵣⵎⵉ, ⴰⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹ (ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ) ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ (ⵡⵉⵍⴰⵢⴰ) ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⵣⵓⵏ |
ⴰⵔⵛⴰⴼⵉⵔ ⵛⵉⵔⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ |
25 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1922, ⵜⵉⴼⵍⵉⵙ ⵊⵓⵔⵊⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵜ  |
 ⵊⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ, ⴰⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵍ (ⵜⴰⵢⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ) |
. ⵙⵜⵉⴱⴰⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵖⵉⴳⴰⵏ
. ⴱⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⴱⵓⵖⵓⵙⵢⴰⵏ |
.svg){kind=small}
ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴽⵉⵔⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵖⵉⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ:
ⵀⴰⵔⵓⵜⵢⴰⵏ ⵎⴽⵔⵜⵛⵢⴰⵏ:
ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵜ ⵙⵓⵖⵓⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵀⵍⵉⵔⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵎⴱⵓⵍ 1920, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵜⵍⴰⵏⵜ
ⴼⴰⵀⵉ ⵉⵃⵙⴰⵏ (ⵢⵉⵙⴰⵢⴰⵏ):
ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵔⵛⴰⴼⵉⵔ ⵛⵉⵔⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵎⴱⵓⵍ 27 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1920, ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵖⴰⵏ ⵖ 1915
ⴰⵔⵜⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⵙⵢⴰⵏ:
ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵖⴰ 1920 ⵖ ⵙⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵛⴰⴽ ⵢⵉⵣⴷⴰⵏⵢⴰⵏ, ⵖ 1915 ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵏⵜⵛⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵍⵄⴰⵜ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴱⵔⴳⴳ ⵙⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⵔⵜⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⵙⵢⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵍⴽⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ 21 ⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵏⵜⵛⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵚⴰⵃⴰ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵖⴷⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⵍⵓⵢⵖ
ⵀⴰⵎⵢⴰⴽ ⴰⵔⴰⵎⵢⴰⵏⵜⵙ:
ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵔⵛⴰⴽ ⵢⵉⵣⴷⴰⵏⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵎⴱⵓⵍ 1920, ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⴹⴰ ⴰⴱⴽⴽⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵏⵣ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ 21 ⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵏⵜⵛⴰⴽⵢⴰⵏ
ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ, ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⴼ ⵉⵣⵏⵏⵉⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢ, ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ, ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵍⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵏⴰⴹⵉⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⴰ.
ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴼⵍ ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⴳⵔ ⵖ ⴱⴰⴽⵓ ⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ, ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵖ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵎⴰⵜⵛⵉ , ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1922 ⴰⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔ ⵖ ⵓⴷⴼⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ ⵉⴳ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⵄⵇⵓⴱ ⵎⵉⵍⴽⵓⵎⵓⴼ ⵉⵏⵖⴰ ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵖ ⵓⴳⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ
ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⴰⴹⵉⵎ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵖ ⵉⵜⵢⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ, ⴼ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵉⵡⴰⵜⵙⵏ ⴽⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⴰⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽ
ⴰⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵯⵜⴰⵢⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵖ ⵓⵙⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ 25 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2023 ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⵓⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵯⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ ⵢⵉⵔⵉⴼⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⵉⴷⵉⵔ ⵜⴽⵯⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵎⵉⵙⵉⵙ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⴰⴳⴰⵢⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵡⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⵇⵇⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵡⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⵓⵔⵏ ⴼ ⵉⵎⵍⴰⴳⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵜⵎⴳⵯⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵉⵏⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ
ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]- ↑ Newton, Michael. Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia.