ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ
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| ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ | |
| ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵙⴳ | ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵙⴳ 1962 ⴰⵔ 1999  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ | ⵍⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍ, ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ (ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ) |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ | 20 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1980 |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ | 10 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1980 |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ | 20 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1980 |
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  | |
ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ[1] ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴳ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ[2] ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍ ⵏⴳⵔ 20 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1980 ⴰⵔ 3 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1980, ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴷⵍ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵓⵣⵣⵓ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⵓⴷ ⵎⵄⵎⵎⵔⵉ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵇⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⵙⵙⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵖⵡⵉ ⵜⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⴹⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⴽⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ.
ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1962, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⵓⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⴽⴰⵕ ⵖⴼ ⴰⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⴽⴰⵕ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⵏ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵙ "ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ"(ⵙ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ crise berbère. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ, ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ, ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵀⵔⵛⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍ. ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ. ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⵍⵓⴷ ⵎⵄⵎⵎⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵄⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵓⵣⵣⵓ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⴳⴷⵍ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⴽⵜ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵔⴷⵓⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵥ ⴷ 120 ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ 5 ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵏⵏ.
ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
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