ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ
ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ	Naguib, Abd al-Aziz, إبراهيم, Ahmad
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ	Al-Jamāliyah
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ	11 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1911
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	Agouza
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	30 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2006
ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ	chronic renal insufficiency, bacterial pneumonia
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ	ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ	Khedivate of Egypt, Sultanate of Egypt, ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉ	Khedivate of Egypt, Sultanate of Egypt, ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ, ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ
ⴰⵥⵓⵕ	Egyptians
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ	ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜ	ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ
ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ	writing, screenwriting, ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ, journalism, playwriting
ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ	novelist, screenwriter, translator, playwright, ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ, intellectual, journalist, short story writer, autobiographer
ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵛⵛⴳ	1932, 2004
ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ	Respected Sir, Rhadopis of Nubia, Miramar, Midaq Alley, Children of Gebelawi, The Thief and the Dogs, Cairo Trilogy, Arabian Nights and Days, Khufu's Wisdom, The Day the Leader was Killed, The Search, The Beggar, The Harafish, The Journey of Ibn Fattouma, Adrift on the Nile, Dreams of departure, Mirrors (novel), The Beginning and the End, Karnak Café, Stories from Our Neighbourhood, Wedding Song, Autumn Quail, Akhenaten, Dweller in Truth, The Mirage
ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ
ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ/ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ	Atiyatullah Ibrahim
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ	ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ
ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ	ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜⵢ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ	ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ	ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ	ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ, Orden al Mérito Docente y Cultural Gabriela Mistral, Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres‎, Grand Collar of the Order of the Nile, Honorary doctorate from the University of Cairo, Cavafy Award, Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
	ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙⵖⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ( 1911 ⴳ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⴳ 11 , ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 30 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2006 ) ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ . ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ . ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1930 ⴰⵔ 2004 . ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 30 ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ , ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⴼⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ , ⴷ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴹⵏⴰⵥ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ , ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ .^[1]

ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⵔ ⵙⴳ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⵖⴰⵜ. ⴷ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⴱⴰⵛⴰ , ⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵍⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵉⵍⵜ /ⵍⵊⴰⵎⴰⵍⵉⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ . ⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵎⵓⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵇⵛⵉⵛⴰ , ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵉⵅ ⵎⵓⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵥⵀⴰⵕ/ⵍⴰⵥⵀⴰⵕ , ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵄⵣⵣⴰⵏ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴰⵙ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1968 , ⴷ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵍⵖⵜ. ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵓⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ( ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1930 ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ . ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⴰⵚⵟⵕ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ , ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⵡⵉ ⵜⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⵓⵏⴱⵉⴹ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ 7 ⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ ⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵀⵔⵔⵎ ⴰⵚⴱⵃⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⵔ 1954 . ⴷ ⵖⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ( 1966 - 1971 ) ⴷ ⵚⴰⴼⵉ ⵙⴳ ⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵜ , ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵎⵓⴳⵏ .

ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ

ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴳⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ 1952 , ⴷ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵄⴰⵟⵉⵢⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ , ⴷ ⵉⵃⴱⴰ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⴼ ⵡⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ , ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵓ ⴷⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡⵏ . ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵃⵎⵉⵍ ⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵜⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ 1988 , ⴷ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵥ .^[2]

ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵜ

ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉ , ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ . ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ , ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⵡⴰⵃ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ "ⵀⵎⵀⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴼⵍⴰ" ⴳ 1938 . ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1939 ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ "ⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ/ ⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⴰⵏ" . ⵢⵓⵔⵎ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ "ⵜⵓⵏⴳⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵍⵉⵍ" ( 1948 ), ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ " ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ( 1949 ) . ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⴳⵍⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵛⴰⵃⴰⴷ ( 1965 ) ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⵡⵡⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵖ ( 1959/1950) ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵔⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⵖⵉⵏ .ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵓⵖ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵙⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵏⵟⴰⵥⵉⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⵍⴳⵙⴰⵔⵏ ( 1977 ) ⴷ ⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴹ ( 1982 ), ⴷ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵍⴰⵖⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵉⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴽⵉⵜ/ ⴳⵉ ( 1994 ) ⴷ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⵓⵕⵓ 2004 , ⴷ ⵜⵉⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴰⵇⵇⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ. ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ , ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⴼⴷ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵏⵏⴽ .^[3]

ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵖⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⵡⵡⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵙ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵄⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵜ ⵏⵖⴰⵏ , ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔⵜ "ⴰⵍⵍⵓⵎⵥⵉ ⴼ 'ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ' ⵏ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ" .ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵎⵓⵚⵕⴰ ⵄⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ , ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ 8 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵄⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵜⵜ . ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1995 ⴳ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ, ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⵕⴹ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴱⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.

ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ ⴳ 30 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 2006 ( 95 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ) ⴳ ⵓⴹⵡⵡⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵍⵄⴰⵊⵓⵣⴰ ⴳ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ . ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴹⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵥⵥⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵛⵛⴰ ⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵢⵢⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ .^[4]

ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ :
ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ : 55
ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ : 35
ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵉⵏ : 223
ⵜⵉⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰⵡⵉⵏ : 19
ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ : 7
ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵢⵉⵏ : 26

ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ :

• ⵍⵇⴰⵀⵉⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ (1945 ) القاهرة الجديدة
ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ
ⴰⵢⵍⵉⵍ ( 1948 ) السراب
ⴰⵎⵅⵅⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⴹⴰⵏ ( 1961 ) اللص و الكلاب
ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ( 1964 ) الطريق
ⵛⵛⴰⵃⴰⴷ ( 1965) الشحاذ
ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵜⵉⵏ ( 1972 ) المرايا
ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⵏⵥⴰⵕ ( 1973 ) الحب تحت المطر
ⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴹ ( 1975) قلب الليل
ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ( 1980 ) عصر الحب
ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵙⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ( 1982 ) الباقي من الزمن ساعة
ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ( 1985 ) أمام العرش
ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ( 1985 ) العائش في الحقيقة
ⴰⵙⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵡⴰⵢ ( 1985 ) يوم قتل الزعيم

ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ ( 1962 ) دنيا الله
ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵎⵏⵜ ( 1971 ) شهر العسل
ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵡⵖⵜ ( 1987 ) صلح الورد
ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⴷⵓⴱⵏ ( 1988 ) الفجر الكاذب

ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵕⵢⵓⵜⵏ

ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵄⴰⵏⵜⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵄⴰⴱⵍⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵟⵍ ⵏⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵙⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1948 , ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⴰⵎⵖⵙⵙⵍ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵡⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ 1959 .^[5]

ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

• ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⵉ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ 1988.
• ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ 1957.
• ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵊⵎⵎⵓⵄ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏⵜ 1946.
• ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴱⴰⵔⴽ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ 1999.
• ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴼⴰⴼⵉⵙ 2004.^[6]

ⴰⵙⵎⵖⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵓⴽ ⴷ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵄⴰⵊⵓⵣⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ , ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵚⵕ ⴷ ⴳ ⵍⵎⴰⵄⴰⴷⵉ . ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵙⴼⵔⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴼⵏⴰⴽⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵊⵏⵢⵓⵔⵏ ,ⵍⵊⵉⵣⴰ .^[7]

ⵜⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

ⴽⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⴽ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵖ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵏⵓ , ⵄⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴰⴽ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⵉⵖ ⴰ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⵔⵉⵖ , ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵜⵉⵎⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵊⵊⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵜⴳⵕⴰⵥ .
ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵔⴰ/ⵜⵙⵜⴰⵀⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵇⵔⴰⵃⵏ , ⴰⵊⵊ ⵜⴰⵖⴱⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵍⵏ .
ⴰⵏⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴼⵔⴰⴽ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵡⵇⵇⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵍⵙ
ⵙ ⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⴽ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵎⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ , ⵀⴰ ⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎⵜ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ ; ⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵖⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⴳⵉⵡⵏ .
ⵏⴽⴽⵏⵉ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵎⵜⴰⵜ ⵉⴳ ⴷⵉⵖ ⵉⵏⴳⴰⵔⴰ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ , ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵎⵜⴰⵜ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔⵏⵏⵖ ⵎⵎⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵏⴱⴷⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵔⵏⵓ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴰⴱⵍⴰ ⵉⵡⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵥⵉⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵖ .^[8]

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

[1] (ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ) ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[2] ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[3] ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[4] ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[5] ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[6] ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

[7] ⴰⵙⵎⵖⵔ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

[8] (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ) ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵢⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵏⴰⵊⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵃⴼⵓⴹ

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