ⵉⵏⴷⵉⵔⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ
| ⵉⵏⴷⵉⵔⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ | |
|---|---|
,_Bestanddeelnr_929-0811_(cropped).jpg) | |
| ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ | |
| ⴰⵔⵉⵙ | ⵜⴰⵡⵜⵎⵜ  |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ | ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ, British Raj, Dominion of India |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | इन्दिरा प्रियदर्शिनी गान्धी |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ | Indira |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ | Gandhi |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 19 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1917 |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | Prayagraj |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | 31 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1984 |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | New Delhi |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | ⵜⵉⵏⵖⵉ |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | gunshot wound |
| Killed by | Satwant Singh, Beant Singh |
| Place of burial | Raj Ghat and associated memorials |
| ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Mother | Kamala Nehru |
| ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵏ | Feroze Gandhi |
| Child | Rajiv Gandhi, Sanjay Gandhi |
| ⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵡⴰⵛⵓⵏⵜ | Sonia Gandhi |
| Family | Nehru–Gandhi family |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | Hindi |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ | Hindi, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ |
| ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | politician, ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ |
| ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ | ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ |
| ⵉⵍⵎⴷ ⴳ | Somerville College, Visva-Bharati University, Badminton School, Patha Bhavana |
| Residence | New Delhi, Raebareli |
| ⴰⵎⵓⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ | Indian National Congress |
| Candidacy in election | 1980 Indian general election, 1977 Indian general election |
| Religion or worldview | ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜ |
| Participant in | Third International Conference on Planned Parenthood |
| Has works in the collection | Tate |
| Member of | National Flag Presentation Committee |
| Significant event | state funeral |
| Copyright status as a creator | works protected by copyrights |
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵉⵏⴷⵉⵔⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ (19 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1917 - 31 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 1984) ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵜ, ⵜⴳ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ. ⵙ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰ ⵊⵊⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ. ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴳⵓⵔⵏ (1966 ⴰⵔ 1977) ⴷ ⵡⴰⴳⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵙⴳ (1980 ⴰⵔ 1984). ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵖ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵔⵖⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴳ/ⵙⵉⵅ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⵓⵕⴼⴰ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉ, ⵜⴳ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⵔⵉⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵊⴰⵡⴰⵀⴰⵔⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵉⵀⵔⵓ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵙⵉⵔⵉⵎⴰⴼⵓ ⴱⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔⵏⴰⵢⴽ ⴳ ⵙⵔⵉⵍⴰⵏⴽⴰ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴼⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ "ⵡⴰⵔⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵉⵏ" ( Non-Aligned) ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵊⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵚⵕ ⴷ ⵍⵎⴰⵕⵉⵛⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵜⵓ . ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⴱⵣⴰⵄⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ .[1]
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1917 ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴱⵕⴰⵢⴰⴳⵕⴰⵊ [ praygraj (Inde britannique) ] / ⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⴱⴰⴷ . ⵜⵖⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ , ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴳ ⴱⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵛⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⴽⵉⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉⵢⵉⵏ ,ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ . ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴷⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙ/ⵊⴷⴷⵉⵙ ⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ . ⴷ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⵙ ⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⴽⴰ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ . ⵜⴽⵛⵎ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵉ ⵢⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1939. ⴷ ⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⴼⴰⵔⵓⵣ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ(ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⴼⵉⵔⵓⵣ ⵅⴰⵏ ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1942 . ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵓ ⴷⵉⵙ ⵔⴰⵊⵉⴼ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵏⵊⴰⵢ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ .ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴷⴰⵛⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1942 . ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴰⵙ ⴼⴰⵔⵓⵣ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1960.
ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1966 ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵍⴰⵍ ⴱⴰⵀⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵛⴰⵛⵜⵔⵉ .ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ . ⵜⵚⴽⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵉⵎⴽⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵊⵀⴷⵏ , ⴷ ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵙⵢⴰⴼⵓ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵍⴼⴼⴰⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵢⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉⵜ , ⴷ ⵜⴰⵊⵊ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵉⵏⵓⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⴽⵚⵓⴹⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ . ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵢⴰⵏⵏ , ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵊⵀⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵏⴰⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵉⴽ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1971 ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵡⵏⴰⴽ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵏⴳⵍⴰⴹⵉⵛ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⵔⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴱⴰⴽⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ.[2]
ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵍⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ / ⵉⵙⵎⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵜⵎⵣⵍⴰⵡ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵓⵣⴰ/ⵉⵔⵣⴰ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵊⴰⵏⴰⵜⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵉⵡⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵎⵔⵡⵉ ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵢⴰⵏⵏ . ⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵎⴰⵙⵙⵉⵏ , ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ . ⴰⵡⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1980 ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵜⵔⵣⴰ/ⵜⵔⵓⵣⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵄⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ.[3]
ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵎⵖ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ ⴳ ⴰⵎⵔⵉⵜⵙⴰⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⴳⵔ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵙⵉⵅ/ⵙⵉⵖ ⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵊⴰⵔⵏⵉⵍ ⵙⵉⵏⵖ ⴱⵉⵏⴹⵕⴰ ⵏⵡⵉⵍ. ⵡⵡⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵜⵛⴰ , ⵖⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵙⵉⵙⵏ ⵜⴽⵛⵎ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵎⵔⵡⵉ ⵖⵉⵏ . ⴷ ⵜⵊⵕⴰ ⵖⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵖⴰⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵅⵛⵏⵏ , ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ 1000 ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴳⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵖⵉⵏ ⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴱⴰⵏⴷⵉⵔⴰ . ⴷ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵅ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵖⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ.
ⵜⵉⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴳ 31 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1984 ⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵕⴰⵚ , ⵜⴷⴷⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵇⵇⵔⵜ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ; ⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⵏⵏ ⴰⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ; ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵖⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵇⵇⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵉⵟⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ. ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴽⴽⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵅ/ⵙⵉⴳ .ⵖⴰⵔ ⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴳⴰⵔⵉⵏ/ⵜⵉⵍⵇⵓⵕⵟⴰⵚⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵃⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵙ ⵙⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⵉⵏⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵃⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵎⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ . ⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵥⵏ , ⵢⵉⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵅ: ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ,ⴰⵡⴰ ⴽⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵙⴽⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⵎ . ⵎⵎⴰⵖⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⵉⵏ , ⵜⴰⵛⴽⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵀⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵉⵎⵓⵣⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ , ⵜⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⵀⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵉⵏⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵉⵊⵊⵉⵜⵉⵏ . ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴳⵏⴰⴼⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⵔⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ, ⴱⵔⵔⵃⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⵓⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴳ 1938 ⴳ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⵖ 31 .ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵔⴰⵊⵉⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ.[4]
ⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]• ⵜⵙⴰⵇⵙⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ : ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵊⵕⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ? .ⵉⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ : ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵀⵏⵓⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ . ⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ : ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵊⵕⵓ ⵉⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵀⵏⵓⵏⵏⵉ / ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ? .ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⴷ : ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵀⵏⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵡⵉⵡⵉⵏ .ⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵏⴷⵉ : ⵉⵎⵎⴰ ⵎⴰ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵊⵕⵓ ⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵀⵏⵓⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ? .ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ : ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴽⵎⵎ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⴷⵊ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴹⵕⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ? ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵛⵛⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵟⵕⵕⴰⵃ...ⴰⴱⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ : ⵔⴰ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵥⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⴷⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ,ⴷ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ,ⴷ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴽⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ . ⵙ ⵖⵉⴽⴰⴷ ⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ .
- ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉ ⴷⴰⴷⴷⴰ/ⵊⴷⴷⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ,: ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ : 1.ⵡⵉⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ 2.ⴷ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴼ ⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵙⵓⵏⵏⵓⴹ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ . ⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵢⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ .
- ⴰⵔ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵜⵜⵉⵢ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ , ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴽⵯⵜⵉ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.
- ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ , ⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ.
- ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ/ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴷⵉⵣ ⵉⵇⵇⵏⵏ , ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵄⴰⵇⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵇⵇⵏⵏ , ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵉⵥⴹⵉⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⴷ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵔⵡⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵥⵕⵓⵜ .