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ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ

ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
(ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵓⵛ)
ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵓⵎⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ.
ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ
ⵜⴰⵢⴽⵓⵏⵜ
ⵜⴰⵢⴽⵓⵏⵜ
ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏAziz ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ16 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1961 ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ
ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜentrepreneur, ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ, statesperson ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵜWorld Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2023 ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏNational Rally of Independents ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ
ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ/ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜSalwa Idrissi ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰSoukayna Akhannouch, Kenza Akhannouch, ⵃⵎⴷ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⴳⵏAbderrahmane Benabdelali ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷUniversity of Sherbrooke ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜUniversity of Sherbrooke ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜⵢ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ
ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜpresident, Prime Minister of Morocco, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development and Water and Forests, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development and Water and Forests ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ

ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ (ⵙ ⵜⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ :Aziz Akhannouch ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⴳ 2021; ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1961. [1]

ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵉⴱⵔⵓⴽ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1986, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ”ⴰⴽⵡⴰ“.

ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ ⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 2003, ⵎⴽ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ ⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 2006.

ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⴳ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵟ, ⵉⴳ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴽⵔⴰⴼ, ⵖⵉⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵙⴰⵍⵎⴰ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵊⵊⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵓⵏⵚⵉⵕ, ⵎⴽ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ 1 ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴼ 2 ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ. ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ.

ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ, ⴷ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1961 ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵡⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉⵜⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵉⵔⴱⵔⵓⴽⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ, ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ. ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵜⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⴷⵔⴰ ⴳⵔ 2003 ⴷ 2007, ⵎⴽⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⴷⴰⵙ ⵉⵖⴼⵔ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1999, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴷⵉⵖ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵏⴰⴹⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉⵥⴹ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵣⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⵅⵏⵏⵓⵛ ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵎⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2007 ⴰⵔ 2021, ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵀⵍ ⴰⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰ, ⵜⴰⵙⵜⵔⴰⵜⵉⵊⵉⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴽⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵛⴰ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⴰⵊⵊ ⴰⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2008, ⵜⵓⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ, ⵎⴽⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵍⴰⵃⵜ[2].

ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵜⴼⵔⴰ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵚⵕ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ ,ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵎⴽⴽⵓⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ, ⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵎⵡⴰⵙ 10 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2021 ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵓⵛ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵉⵙⵎⴳⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ.

ⵉⵔⵏⵓ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴽⵛⵎ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼⵏ ⵏ 8 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2021.