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ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ

ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ
ⵜⴰⵢⴽⵓⵏⵜ
ⵜⴰⵢⴽⵓⵏⵜ
ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ
ⵎⴼⴼⵔ ⵉⵙⵎFatma Aït Sabah ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏFatma / Fāṭima / Fatema ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜⴼⴰⵙ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ28 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1940 ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ30 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2015 ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ
ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷ
ⴰⵙⴳⴷⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ
ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉessay, gender studies, ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ, essayist, sociologist, ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏ, non-fiction writer, women's rights activist, feminist ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏ ⴳⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ
ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷSorbonne, Brandeis University ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜSorbonne, Brandeis University ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ, ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ
ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜprofessor ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏErasmus Prize, Princess of Asturias Literary Prize ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ

ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ (1940 - 2015 ) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴼⴰⵍⵜ, ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⴼⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔ ⴷ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ "ⵓⵃⵔⵉⵎ" ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ, ⴰⵢⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴹⵉⵚⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵖⴱⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⵖⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ, ⵜⵙⵎⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵓⵕⴱⵓⵏ ⴳ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵔⴰⵏⴷⵉⵣ ⴳ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⵏ ⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⴰ. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵖⵓⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⴽⴰ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⵜⵉⵔⵇⵇⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎⵉⵏ".[1]

ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⴷⵉⴽⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵡⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵏⴳⵎ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⴷⵏⴰⵏ, ⵙ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⴰⵡⵜⵎ(ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵎⴰⵏ) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵖⵍⵍⴱⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵏ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⴰⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵍⵇⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⴰⵡⵜⵎ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ. ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣⵏ, ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵢ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⴰ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵜⴳ "ⵛⴰⵀⵕⴰⵣⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ" ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵏⵓⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ. [2]

ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ/ⵓⵎⵍⵃⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰⵏ "ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ", ⵜⵕⵥⴰ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵕⵏⵉⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵔⵙⵉⵍⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⵔⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵖⵍⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵓⵏⴳⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵖⵉ. ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵉ ⴰⵙⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ "ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ" ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴽⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵙⵍⵎⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⵏⵓⵔⴼ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵎⵉⵏ. ⵉⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ "ⵜⵙⴱⵣⵣⵉⵣ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ ⴰⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ" ⴰⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴱⵣⵣⵉⵣ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵜⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵄⵓⵔⵔⵎⴰ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵊⵍⵍⵓ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵉⵖ ⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⵓⵔ. ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⵜⵓⵡⵙ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵖⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵕⵥⵎ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵕⵡⵜⵎⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵖⵔⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ .[3]

ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⴳ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ "ⵜⴰⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴽⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ", ⵜⵙⵍⴹ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵖⵓⴱⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵣⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ", ⵜⵎⴹⴰⴽⴰⵕ/ⵜⵙⵙⴳⴷⵍ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵥⴰⵕ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⵡⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ, ⴷ ⵜⵙⵇⵙⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵥⵕⴰⵥⵓⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵢⵏ/ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ. ⵜⵥⵕⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⵚⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴷⴰⵙⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⵚⴰⴹ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵓⵏⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ, ⵜⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴰⴷⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵢⵓⴳⴰⵏⵜ.

ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵍⵓⵍⵜ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]

ⵜⴼⵍ ⴷ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⴷⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ. ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵜⵓⵔⵢⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴰⵙⵎⵓⵙ ⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⴽⴰⴹ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴱⵣⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴼⴽ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵏⵓⵔⴰⴼⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ/ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⴰⵥⵓⵕⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵙⵡⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ.[4]

ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]
  1. ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⴱⵓⵔ - 1975
  2. ⵉⵊⵉⴼⵔ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ - 1987
  3. ⵛⴰⵀⵕⴰⵣⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⴷⴷⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ, 2006 (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Scheherazade Goes West)
  4. ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ, 1994.
  5. ⵜⵉⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵔⵉⵎ/ⵢⵉⵊⵉⴼⵔ (ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵥⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵔⵉⵎ)
  6. ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰⵎ ⵉⵣⵓⴱⵉⵛⵏ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵔⵉⵎ?
  7. ⴰⵎⵓⴳⴳⵉ ⴰⵣⵓⴼⴰⵏ/ⴰⵔⵉⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⴷⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴹⴼⵓⵕⵜ - 1982
  8. ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ? ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ?
  9. ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵏ - 1990 (ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ 2006)
  10. ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ: ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵔⵣⴰⵏⵜ
  11. ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵜ (Women on the Wings of Dream)
  12. ⵛⴰⵀⵕⴰⵣⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴳⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ
  13. ⵜⵉⴽⵚⵚⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ - 2010 .[5]

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]
  1. ^ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ
  2. ^ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏⵏⵙ
  3. ^ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ
  4. ^ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵏⵉⵙⵉ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ)
  5. ^ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ