ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵅ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ
ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵅ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ  | |
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| ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ | |
| ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ | Benedikt, Baruch  |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | Amsterdam |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ | 24 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1632 |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | The Hague |
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | 21 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1677 |
| ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ | tuberculosis |
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⵍ | Nieuwe Kerk |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵓⵖⵜ | |
| ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ | Dutch Republic |
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉ | Dutch Republic |
| ⴰⵥⵓⵕ | ⵉⵙⴰⴼⴰⵔⴷⵉⵎⵏ |
| ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | |
| ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ | ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵔⴼⵙⴰⵏⵜ, ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ, ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴳⴰⵎⴰ |
| ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ | ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ, Bible translator, grinder of lenses, political scientist, grammarian, theologian |
| ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ | rationalism, ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵔⵉⵎⵜ |
| ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ | Ethics, conatus |
| ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ | |
| ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ | Miguel de Espinoza |
| ⵉⵎⵎⵉⵙ | Hanna Debora d'Espinoza |
| ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ | Miguel de Espinoza, Hanna Debora d'Espinoza |
| ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ | |
| ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ | Universiteit Leiden |
| ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | Universiteit Leiden |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜⵢ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵓⵔⵜⵓⴳⴰⵍⵉⵜ |
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ | ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵉⴱⵔⵉⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵟⴰⵍⵢⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵓⵔⵜⵓⴳⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉⵜ |
| ⴰⵙⴳⵎⴹ | |
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ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  | |
ⴱⵉⵏⵜⵓ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵉⴱⵔⵉⵜ: ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵅ, ⵙ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ: ⴱⵉⵏⵉⴷⵉⴽⵜⵓⵙ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵏ ⵏⵚⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1632, ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 1677, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵚⵟⵓⵡⵉⵣⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⴳⵯⵔⵉ ⵓⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⴽⵢⴰⴼⵉⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵀⵓⴱⴱⵙ ⴷ ⴷⵉⴽⴰⵔⵜ, ⴷⵖ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵏⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⵍⵉⵏ, ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵎⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵍⴼⵓ ⵏ ⴷⵉⴽⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⴷ ⵍⴰⵢⴱⵏⵉⵜⵣ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴳⵯⵔⵉⵜ.[1]
ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵏ, ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵔⴼⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⵓⴼⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵔⴼⵉⵙⵜ ⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ. ⵓⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⵉ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⴰⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵊⵊⵓⵍⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵔⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⴽⵟⵟⵓⵜ, ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ. ⴷ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⴳⵯⵔⴰⵢ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ. ⵙ ⵜⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵣⵏⴰⵣⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵓⵎⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ.[1]
ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⴰⵢ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵖ 1632, ⵉⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵔⵔⴰⵏⵓ ⴼⴰⵔⵏⵜⵙ, ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⵜⵔⴷⴰⵎ ⵙⵖ ⵓⴱⵔⵜⵉⵇⵉⵣ ⴰⴷ ⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵙⴷⴽⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⵓⵙ,[2] [1]ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵎⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴹⴰ, ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏ, ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵍⵓⵇⵔ ⴳⵔ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ. ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ ⵀⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⴷⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⵙⵖ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1638, ⵉⵎⴽ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵙⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵀⵍⵍⵉ.
ⴰⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢ ⵙⴱⵉⵏⵓⵣⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵔⵓⵅ, ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⵖ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵜ, ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵍⵎⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵔⴰⵜ. [1]
ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]- ^ a b c d "Spinoza, Benedict De | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" (in American English). Retrieved 2025-09-27.
- ^ Meymandi, Assad (2010-05). "Baruch Spinoza: The Philosopher's Philosopher". Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa.: Township)). 7 (5): 47–50. ISSN 1555-5194. PMC 2882284. PMID 20532159.
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| ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ | |
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| ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ |
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| ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ | |
| ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ | |
| ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ | |
| ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ | |
