ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ
| ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ | |
|---|---|
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  |
ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ 2011 ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵡⵉⵣ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵊⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ, ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵣⵉⴳⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⴷⵉⵜ.[1] ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵜ ⵜⵜ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2ⵔⵏⵊ, ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙ ⵏ ⴻⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴹⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⴽⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏⵜ. ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵎ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ.
ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ 115 ⴳ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ, ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴷⴰⴰ ⵉⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ:
- ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴰⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵥⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰ.
- ⴰⵎⴳⵏⴼⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⴷⴽⵯⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵥⵉ
- ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵚⵕⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵥⵉ
- ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵏⴱⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ
- ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⴼⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ
ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ.
- ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ.
- ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⵓⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ.
ⵜⵉⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵣⵔⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎ:[2]
ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵖⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵓⵥⵉ, ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⴰⵍ;
- ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵓⵥⵉⵓ
- ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵓⵥⵉⵓ
- ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⴰⵍ
- ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴻⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ.
ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⵙ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ ⵔ5 ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⵡⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⴳⵉ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ. ⴳⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵓⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵔ5 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⴻⵙⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⵍⵉⵜ.
ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵜⵜⵉⵢⴼ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵣ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵅⴼ:
- ⴰⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ I ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⴹⴰⵏ.
- ⴰⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜⴰ
- ⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴼⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵖⵍⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵏ.
- ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ:
- ⴰⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵣⵣⵉⴳⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ.
- ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ.
- ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ I ⵉⵏⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵅⵉⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵣⵓⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ
- ⴰⴹⴼⴼⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵙⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵏⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵏ
ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ.
- ⴰⴹⴼⴼⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⵟⴰⵢⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ
ⵅⴼ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵥ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴳⴳⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓ IIⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵅⵉⵜⵔ ⵜⵉⵕⵡⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⵙⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ.[3]
ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]- ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20250302002621/https://www.cspj.ma/
- ^ https://www.chambredesrepresentants.ma/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9
- ^ ⵜⵓⴹⴼⵉⵚⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ
| ⴰⵔⴰⵢⴱ |
|  | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ⴰⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ |
| ||||||||
| ⵉⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵍⵍⴰⵍⵏ | |||||||||
| ⵜⵉⵔⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵉⵏ | |||||||||
| ⵜⵉⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵔⵏⵜ | |||||||||
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ |
| ||||||||