ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ | |
|---|---|
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ | |
| ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ | ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |
| Has edition or translation | Morocco's Constitution of 2011, 1996 Moroccan Constitution |
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ | |

ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵏⴼⵍⴰⵢ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵖⵥⵍ ⵏ 100 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ, ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1908 [1]ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵙⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ "ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵛⵛⴰⵎ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵖⴼ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ.[2]
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1962, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1972 ⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1992 ⴷ 1996 ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2011, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⵟⵉⴼ ⵍⵏⵎⵏⵏⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ/ⵉⴱⴳⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1904
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1904, ⴰⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵔⵜⵉ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⵄⵍⵉ ⵣⵏⵉⴱⵔ ⵉ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴱⵏ ⵙⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵏⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵃⵡⵡⵥⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ. ⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ: «ⴰⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵏⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ(ⵜⴰⵖⵍⵍⴰⴱⵉⵜ) ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ»[3], ⵙⴳ ⵓⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵟⵟⵓⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ:
ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.
ⴰⵙⵓⵖⴷ/ⴰⵎⵓⴽⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵢ.
ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⵓ/ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ.
ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴽⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⴳⵉ.
ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵖⵓⵍⴼⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣⵉⵜ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ.
ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵓⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴷⵃⵉ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵉ ⵜⵉⵕⵡⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ/ⵓⵙⵜⵖ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵔ.
ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1908
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1908 ⴳⵔ ⵢⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⴳ ⵜⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ "ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ", ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵃⴰⴼⵉⴹ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵙⴳ 93 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵏⵉⵜⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵟⵟⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵔⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⵏ/ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⴳⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵥⵍⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⵉ ⴳⵯⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵃⴰⴼⵉⴹ, ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴼⴰⴷⴰⵏ.
ⵉ ⵜⴽⴽⵍⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⴷⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵟⵟⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⴷⴰⵙⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵔ.[4]
ⵎⴰⵛⴰ, ⵜⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵓⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴽⵙⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴱⵉⵔⵢⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1908 ⴳ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵜ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵟⵟⵓⵜⵏ, ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ".[5]
ⵜⵉⴽⵍⵉ ⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]
ⵜⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵣⵔⵓⴼⴰ/ⵜⵍⵍⵓⴳⵏⴰ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⵏⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵖⵓⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ, ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵄⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵍⵍⵓⴳⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵏⵏⵍⴰⴼ ⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ, ⵉⵙⴳⵣⵍ ⵜ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⴰⵡⵉ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵙ ⴷⵓⴼⵉⵔⵊⵉ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ «ⵉⴼⵍⵙ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵍⵍⴰⴱ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴱⴰⴹ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⵣⵣⵉⵣ ⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⴹⵉⵚⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⵔⵏ». ⵙ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ.
ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵅⴹⵉ/ⵓⵄⴹⵉⵍ(Provisoire)
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1960 ⴳ 3 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵍⵖⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴹⴰⵀⵉⵕ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ/ⴰⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉ ⵓⵄⴹⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵖⴰ ⵓⴹⴰⵀⵉⵕ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⵡⴹ ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵉⵀⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ.
ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ 27 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1961, ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵉⵡⵉⵙ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴳ 3 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1961, ⵙ ⵜⵓⵇⵇⵍⴰ/ⵓⴳⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⴷ/ⵓⴼⵓⴽⴽⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⴹⴰⵀⵉⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⵖⵓⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ 1.61.187 ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⴳ 8 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 1961.
ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1960 : ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ : ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ 1963[6]
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1970 : ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ : ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ 1970[7]
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1972 : ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ : ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ 1977[8]
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1992 : ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ : ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ 1993[9]
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1996 : ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ : ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ 1997[10]
ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2011
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2011[11] ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⴷ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵙ 20 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2011. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⴰⵡ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⴳ 17 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2011, ⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵟⵟⵓⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⴽⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵖⵏⴰⵏⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴼⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ.
ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ "ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ/ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ" ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵓⵕⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ ⴳⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵔⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⵢⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵔⴱⵉ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ.
ⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴱⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ/ⵓⵙⵇⵓⴹⴻⴹ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ. ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⵏⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵖⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⴰⵣⵣⵉⴳⵣ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵉ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵔ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴹⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴷ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ.
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟ ⴰⵏⴳⵎⵓ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ; ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⵖⵓⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵔⴼ. ⴰⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ:
- ⴰⵙⵡⴰⵔ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⵓⵔⵉ.
- ⴰⴷⵙⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ.
- ⴰⴷⵙⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ, ⵙ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴹⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ. ⴰⵢⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴷⵊ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵉ.
- ⴰⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵏⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ: ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵍⴰⵢ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ "ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ" ⵖⵔ "ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ", ⴷ ⵓⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵙⵏ; ⴰⵙⵓⵎⵏ ⵉ ⵡⵓⴼⵓⵖ/ⵜⴼⵍⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ.
- ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⵉⵡⵙⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ; ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵙⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⴽⵏ/ⵓⵙⵖⵥⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ, ⴷ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵔⵉⵡ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵙⴳ 30 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 60 ⴳ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵎⴰⵔⵏ.
- ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵣⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵕⵡⴰⵏ, ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵖⵓⵔ/ⴰⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ, ⵙ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵔ; ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵣⵎⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⴻⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.
- ⴰⵙⵡⴰⵔ/ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ/ⵓⵙⵣⵔⴼ, ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵏⴳⴰ ⵏⴽⴽⵏⵉ ⵉⵎⴹⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ; ⴷ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙ ⵓⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ, ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵜⵓⵜⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⵉⴳ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ.
- ⴰⴷⵙⵜⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵊⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵉⵕⵥⵎⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ, ⵉ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ, ⵙ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵙⵓⴷⵙⴰⵏ.
- ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵏⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵖⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ/ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵓⴼⵙⵓ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ; ⴷ ⵓⵢⴰⴷ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⴹⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵕⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ, ⴷ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵉⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵉⴹⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵅⵉⴷⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵔⵓⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⴷⵙⵜⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔ, ⴷ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴳⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵓⴼⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵙⴳⵉⵙ.[12]
ⵜⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ | ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ | ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ |
| ⴰⵙⵉⵎⵡⴰⵙ 1 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2011 | ⴰⵎⵛⴰⵡⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⴼ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ | %98.49 ⵢⴰⵀ | %1.51 ⵓⵀⵓ |
ⵜⵉⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ :
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵣⴰⵢⵏ | 13.449.495 |
|---|---|
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ | 9.885.020 |
| ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵔⵏ | 88.749 |
| ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ | 9.796.271 |
| ⵢⴰⵀ | 9.650.237 |
| ⵓⵀⵓ | 146.034 |
ⵜⵉⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ :
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵣⴰⵢⵏ | 269.646 |
|---|---|
| ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵔⵏ | 2.494 |
| ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ | 267.152 |
| ⵢⴰⵀ | 259.119 |
| ⵓⵀⵓ | 8.033 |
ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]- ^ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⵉ ⵃⴰⵎⵉ ⴷⴷⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵖⵔⵉⵙ, 100 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ 1908, 03/10/2008, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⵡⴰⵢ ⴱⴰⴽ ⵎⴰⵛⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⴱⵓⵛⵄⵉⴱ ⵃⵎⵕⴰⵡⵉ, ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1904, 17 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2012, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1908, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 1908, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⴰⵍⵊⴰⵣⵉⵔⴰ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴼⵔⴰ, 03/10/2004, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⵀⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉⵙ.ⴽⵓⵎ, ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, 23 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2011, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ 24, ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1977, 27 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 2023, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ 1993, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ 1997, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.
- ^ ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⴰ, ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ 2011, ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2011, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025
- ^ ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵏ 2011, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025.