ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ
| ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ | |
|---|---|
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| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ | |
| ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ | necked, flat-backed, plucked lute  |
| ⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ | ⴰⵎⵙⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ |
| ⴰⵙⵉⵙⵎⵍ ⵏ ⵀⵓⵕⵏⴱⵓⵙⵜⵍ-ⵙⴰⴽⵙ | 321.322-8 |
| ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍⵎⵢⴰⵏ | 🪕 |
ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ - ⵙⵏⴼⵍ - ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴷⴰⵜⴰ  | |
ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Banjo) ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⵉⵢ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵢⴰⵜⵏ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⴰⵡⵔⴻⵔⵔⴰⵢ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵢⵢⴰⵕ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⵉⴷⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵢⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵖ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⴱⵍⴰⵙⵜⵉⴽ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⴱⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵏⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵏⴰⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵉⵟⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⴹ. ⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⵉⵍ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ (ⵉⵏⴼⴷ) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴰⵔ ⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵢⵢⵕ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵇⵙⴱⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵡ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⵖⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵎⵙⴰⴷⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴼⴰⵡⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵛⵎⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵓⵢⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵡⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜⵜ ⴰⵣⵎⵣⵣⵓ, ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵡⵉⴷⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵏ: ⵄⴱⴷ ⵍⵀⴰⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵏⵔⵣⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵄⴱⴷ ⵕⵕⵃⵎⴰⵏ ⵇⵉⵔⵓⵛ.
ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⴷⴷⴰ ⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⴱⴰⵏⵊⴰⵔ" ⴷ "ⵉⴽⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏⴳ".[1] ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⵉⵏⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵅⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵛⴰⵛ[2] ⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵍⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⴽⵛⵛⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ. ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ "ⴱⵍⵓⴳⵕⴰⵙ" ⴷ ⵓⴱⵍⵓⵣ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ 19,[3][4] ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ 19 ⴳ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ "ⵊⵓⵢⵍ ⵙⵡⵉⵏⵉ", ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵔⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵔⵇⵉⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴱⵉⵜ ⵙⵉⴳⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵍ ⵙⴽⴰⴳⵣ.
ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ, ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵛⵔⴷ, ⴷ ⵓⵣⵓⵣⵣⵔ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵎ, ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⴰⵜⵉⵏⵓⵔ" ⵏⵖ "ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵔⴽⵜ", ⴷ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⴹⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ.[5] ⵜⵥⵕⴰ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ 20 ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ "ⵓⵙⵛⵔⴷ" (Hybridation), ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵎⵓ ⵓⴼⵏⵉⵇ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⴽⵍⵜⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔⴷⵉⵏ, ⴰⴳⵉⵟⴰⵕ, ⴰⵎⴰⵏⴷⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴱⵓⵣⵓⴽⵉ,[6] ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⴱⵖⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵕⴹⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵙⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵉⵎⵖⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕⵏ. ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ, ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ "ⵛⵛⵄⴱⵉ", ⴷ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ) ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⵓⴷⴰⴷⵏ" ⴷ "ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ" ⴷ "ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ" ⴷ "ⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏ" ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⵃⴰⵎⵉⴷ ⵉⵏⵔⵣⴰⴼ" ⴷ "ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⴱⵉⵥⵏⴽⵯⴰⴹ" ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ .
ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵎⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴳⵉ/ⵜⵔⴱⴱⴰⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⴰⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵎⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴱⴱⴰⵡⵜ, ⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⴰⵔ/ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵕⴹⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵔⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⴰⴱⵍⵓⵣ" ⵏⵖ "ⴰⴽⵍⵓⵀⴰⵎⵔ" ⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵉⴹⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵛⵛⵔⴽⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵛⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ. ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷ ⵃⵉⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵏⵢⵉⴼⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵏⴰⵢⵍⵓⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵍⵖⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵔⵖⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵥⵖⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵓⵍⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ."
ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
[ⵙⵏⴼⵍ | ⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ]- ^ "Lusosphère: Les origines africaines du banjo américain". Global Voices en Français (in ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ). 2008-10-14. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
- ^ "Home page". AgoraAfricaine (in ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ). 2025-12-05. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
- ^ Bluegrass Music: The Roots, IBMA. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ 2006-08-25
- ^ Universalis, Encyclopædia. "BANJO | Musiques". Encyclopædia Universalis (in ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ). Retrieved 2026-01-19.
- ^ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ, ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵜ (2021-08-19). "«ⴰⴱⴰⵏⵊⵓ».. ⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⴷⵖⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵍⵖⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⵏⴰⵜ". ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ). ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴳ 2026-01-19.
- ^ George Formbys Little Strad banjolele up for sale. The Times (London). 2008-05-30.
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| ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ | |
| ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ | |
